Water hemlock (Cicuta virosa). Photo: Istvan / Flickr
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One of Finland’s most toxic native plants, water hemlock (Cicuta virosa), is now blooming across the country, prompting fresh warnings from conservation experts and public health officials.
The plant has recently been spotted near lakes and rivers in several regions, including Ähtäri, Lehtimäki, Salla, and Oulu. Locals have shared sightings on social media and neighbourhood forums, with reports focusing on its presence near swimming spots and dog-walking areas.
Known for its tall, hollow stems and white umbrella-shaped flowers, water hemlock can grow up to 1.5 metres high and is easily mistaken for harmless wild plants like cow parsley and ground elder.
“This is a native Finnish species, not an invasive one,” said Markus Seppälä, a conservation expert at the South Ostrobothnia ELY Centre. “It thrives along wet shorelines, especially in southern and western Finland, though it’s less common in the north.”
Despite its native status, the plant is widely misunderstood. “People call me thinking it’s invasive. It’s not, but it is highly toxic,” Seppälä added.
All parts of the plant contain cicutoxin, a powerful neurotoxin, with the highest concentration found in the roots. Contact with the plant can cause skin irritation, but the most severe risks come from ingestion or disturbance of the root system.
“Breaking the plant or pulling it from the ground can release toxins into nearby water,” Seppälä said. “This poses a direct risk to swimmers, pets, and livestock.”
Accidental poisonings typically occur when people mistake water hemlock for edible plants, especially during foraging. The symptoms can escalate rapidly: vomiting, seizures, excessive salivation, and in extreme cases, death.
“The resemblance to edible umbellifers is dangerous,” Seppälä warned. “If you’re not absolutely sure what you’re picking, don’t touch it. The rule is the same as with mushrooms.”
Water hemlock blooms during July and August, increasing the risk of exposure during peak outdoor activity season.
Seppälä recommended reporting any sightings at public beaches or recreational areas to local authorities. “Removal should always be handled by professionals using proper protection,” he said.
He also advised people to avoid swimming near any area where the plant has recently been disturbed. “The toxins can disperse into the water, and it’s best to wait before entering again.”
Public health officials are encouraging parents to educate children on how to recognise the plant and understand the danger.
“Accurate identification is key,” said Seppälä. “Awareness prevents accidents.”
HT
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Source: www.helsinkitimes.fi
